The Geography of Pakistan

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🔸The Geography of Pakistan🔸

➡Capital: Islamabad 

➡Borders: India, Afghanistan, Iran, China, maritime (water) border with Oman, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman 

➡Total Size: 803,940 square km 

➡Size Comparison: slightly less than twice the size of California 

➡Geographical Coordinates: 30 00 N, 70 00 E 

➡World Region or Continent: Asia 

➡General Terrain: flat Indus plain in east; mountains in north and northwest; Balochistan plateau in west 

➡Geographical Low Point: Indian Ocean 0 m 

➡Geographical High Point: K2 (Mt. Godwin-Austen) 8,611 m 

➡Climate: mostly hot, dry desert; temperate in northwest; arctic in north 

➡Major Cities: Karachi 13.125 million; Lahore 7.132 million; Faisalabad 2.849 million; Rawalpindi 2.026 million; ISLAMABAD (capital) 832,000 (2009) 

➡Major Landforms: Indus River Valley, Hindu Kush Mountains, Karakoram Mountains, Pamir Mountains, K2, Balochistan Plateau, Thar Desert, Cholistan Desert 

➡Major Bodies of Water: Indus River, Jhelum River, Ravi River, Kabul River, Manchar Lake, Keenjhar Lake, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Sea 

➡Famous Places: Jinnah Mausoleum, Minaret of Pakistan, Badshahi Mosque, Lahore Fort, Rani Kot Fort, Hingol National Park, Pir Shohawa, Concordia, K2 Mountain, Trango Towers, Port Grand, Tomb of Jahangir, Mohenjo-daro

🔸Economy of Pakistan🔸

➡Major Industries: textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp 

➡Agricultural Products: cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs 

➡Natural Resources: land, extensive natural gas reserves, limited petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt, limestone 

➡Major Exports: textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, yarn), rice, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals, manufactures, carpets and rugs 

➡Major Imports: petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics, transportation equipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea 

➡Currency: Pakistani rupee (PKR) 

➡Government of Pakistan⬅

➡Type of Government: federal republic 

➡Independence: 14 August 1947 
➡Divisions: The country of Pakistan is divided up into the four main provinces of Balochistan, Sindh, Punjab, and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Other regions include the capital city area of Islamabad, Tribal Areas, and disputed areas (with India) in Kashmir. 

➡National Anthem or Song: Qaumi Tarana (National Anthem) 

➡Pakistan’s national anthem was composed by musician Ahmad G. Chhagla in 1949.

•➡ There were used 21 music instruments and 38 different tones. The playing time is 1:20 minutes.

• ➡The national anthem was written by famous poet Hafeez Jallundhri in 1952, which was selected from 723 competing songs and the prize money was Rs10,000.

•➡ Pakistan’s national anthem is written in the Persian language and it has only a single word “ka” in its national language Urdu.

•➡ The national anthem was first released on Radio Pakistan on August 13, 1954.

➡National Symbols:⬅

• ➡Animal - Markhor, snow leopard
• ➡Bird - Chukar
• ➡Aquatic mammal - Indus River dolphin
• ➡Reptile - Mugger crocodile
• ➡Fish - Golden mahasher
• ➡Amphibian - Indus Valley toad
• ➡Tree - Deodar tree
• ➡National icon - Shaheen falcon
• ➡Motto - Faith, unity, discipline

➡Description of flag: 

The flag of Pakistan was adopted on August 11, 1947. It has a dark green background (field) with a white stripe on the left (hoist side). Inside the green field is a white star and a white crescent. The flag is often called the "Flag of the Crescent and Star." The crescent represent progress and the star light. The color green represents the religion of Islam. 

➡National Holiday: Republic Day, 23 March (1956) 

➡Other Holidays: Kashmir Solidarity Day (February 5), Pakistan Day (March 23), Labor Day (May 1), Independence Day (August 14), Iqbal Day (November 9), Birthday of Muhammad Ali Jinnah (December 25), Eid ul-Adha, Eid ul-Fitr, Birthday of the Prophet Muhammad, Ashura

➡The People of Pakistan

➡Languages Spoken:

 Punjabi 48%,

 Sindhi 12%, 

Siraiki (a Punjabi variant) 10%,

 Pashtu 8%, 

Urdu (official) 8%, 

Balochi 3%, Hindko 2%,

 Brahui 1%, 

English (official and lingua franca of Pakistani elite and most government ministries), Burushaski, and other 8% 

➡Nationality: Pakistani(s) 

➡Religions: Muslim 97% (Sunni 77%, Shi'a 20%), Christian, Hindu, and other 3% 

➡Origin of the name Pakistan: The name "Pakistan" was originally coined by Choudhry Rahmat Ali. He suggested the name and that the letters each stood for a different region: 

1👉P - Punjab
2👉A - Afghania
3👉K - Kashmir
4👉S - Sindh
5👉TAN - Balochistan

The name also means "Land of the Pure" in the Persian and Urdu languages. 

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